Java web framework benchmarks: performance comparison
The fastest Java HTTP server in HttpArena is cardigan (an HTTP engine), with a composite of 5294 on HTTP/1.1 — 5 of 34 against every language in its league. Measured over Alpha Round, every entry on the same machine. The quickest Java framework is vertx, at 5257.
Compare any two Java entries profile by profile →
Every Java entry in the benchmark, compared on the composite score of each family. The composite sums a normalized score over the profiles of that family, where the leader of each profile scores 100, and scales the sum by the entry's completeness factor. Rank overall is the entry's place in its own league across all languages; rank among Java narrows the same field to this language. Both link through to the board view they were taken in. How the score works.
Composite scores compare directly across every row. Ranks do not always share a field: a tuned entry has no place in the standard-only ranking, so its rank is taken from the field that includes tuned entries and counts more of them.
HTTP/1.1
| Framework | Type | Composite | Rank overall | Rank among Java |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cardigan | Engine | 5294 | 5 of 34 | — |
| vertx | Flagship | 5257 | 7 of 72 | 1 of 5 |
| micronaut | Flagship | 4389 | 13 of 72 | 2 of 5 |
| quarkus-jvm | Flagship tuned | 3741 | 25 of 91 | 3 of 7 |
| helidon-tuned | Flagship tuned | 3721 | 26 of 91 | 4 of 7 |
| helidon-production | Flagship | 3184 | 27 of 72 | 3 of 5 |
| jooby | Flagship | 2489 | 33 of 72 | 4 of 5 |
| spring-boot | Flagship | 1777 | 49 of 72 | 5 of 5 |
HTTP/2
| Framework | Type | Composite | Rank overall | Rank among Java |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cardigan | Engine | 2664 | 2 of 12 | — |
| quarkus-jvm | Flagship tuned | 2010 | 4 of 28 | 1 of 4 |
| helidon-tuned | Flagship tuned | 1457 | 7 of 28 | 2 of 4 |
| helidon-production | Flagship | 1116 | 6 of 20 | 1 of 2 |
| spring-boot | Flagship | 76 | 19 of 20 | 2 of 2 |
gRPC
| Framework | Type | Composite | Rank overall | Rank among Java |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cardigan | Engine | 1978 | 2 of 2 | — |
| quarkus-jvm | Flagship tuned | 1399 | 2 of 8 | 1 of 3 |
| helidon-production | Flagship | 559 | 3 of 4 | 2 of 3 |
| helidon-tuned | Flagship tuned | 553 | 5 of 8 | 3 of 3 |
WebSocket
| Framework | Type | Composite | Rank overall | Rank among Java |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| helidon-production | Flagship | 1200 | 9 of 20 | 1 of 2 |
| helidon-tuned | Flagship tuned | 1184 | 11 of 27 | 2 of 2 |
Questions
What is the fastest Java HTTP server?
cardigan, an HTTP engine, leads the Java entries in HttpArena with a composite score of 5294 on HTTP/1.1, measured over Alpha Round. The composite sums a normalized score across the profiles of a family, where the leader of each profile scores 100. Against every language, cardigan ranks 5 of 34 in its own league.
What is the fastest Java web framework?
vertx, with a composite of 5257 on HTTP/1.1. cardigan scores higher but is an HTTP engine, not a framework, and is ranked in its own league.
What is the fastest Java HTTP/2 server?
cardigan, with a composite of 2664 on HTTP/2 and 2 of 12 against all languages in its league.
What is the fastest Java gRPC server?
cardigan, with a composite of 1978 on gRPC and 2 of 2 against all languages in its league.
What is the fastest Java WebSocket server?
helidon-production, with a composite of 1200 on WebSocket and 9 of 20 against all languages in its league.
How many Java web frameworks are benchmarked?
8 Java entries are measured, covering HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, gRPC, WebSocket. Every one runs on the same machine, in the same round (Alpha Round), against the same profiles.
Is Java fast for web servers?
The quickest Java entry, cardigan, places 5 of 34 on HTTP/1.1 across every language in its league, so that placing is the honest answer for Java at its best rather than for Java in general. The tables below show the spread across all 8 entries.
Every Java entry
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